"bugjaną" meaning in All languages combined

See bugjaną on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈbuɣ.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology: Orel derives the root from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewgʰ- (“to bend; curve, arch”), with semantic shift "to bend" > "to take away, deliver" > "to deal, buy" comparable to that seen in Ancient Greek πέλω (pélō, “to turn, move”) > πωλέω (pōléō, “to sell”). Kroonen is skeptical of the proposed semantics, and leaves the origin open. Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*bʰewgʰ-|t=to bend; curve, arch}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰewgʰ- (“to bend; curve, arch”), {{ncog|grc|πέλω|t=to turn, move}} Ancient Greek πέλω (pélō, “to turn, move”) Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-wk1-j|bug|j=j}} Forms: weak [table-tags], bugjō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], bugjaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], bugjai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], bugisi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], bugjais [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], bugi [active, imperative, second-person, singular], bugjasai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], bugjaisau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], bugiþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], bugjai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], bugjaþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], bugjaþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], bugjaiþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], bugjōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], bugjaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], bugjaþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], bugjaiþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], bugjaþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], bugjamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], bugjaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], bugjanþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], bugjainþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], bugiþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], bugjaiþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], bugiþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], bugjanþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], bugjainþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], bugjanþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], bugjain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], bugjanþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], bugjanþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], bugjainþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], buhtǭ [active, first-person, indicative, singular], buhtēdį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], buhtēz [active, indicative, second-person, singular], buhtēdīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], buhtē [active, indicative, singular, third-person], buhtēdī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], buhtēdū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], buhtēdīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], buhtēdudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], buhtēdīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], buhtēdum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], buhtēdīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], buhtēdud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], buhtēdīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], buhtēdun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], buhtēdīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], bugjandz [active, participle, present], bugidaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to deal; do business; exchange Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-bugjaną-gem-pro-verb-cvieFacz
  2. to purchase; buy Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-bugjaną-gem-pro-verb-hToqaSeH
  3. to accept Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-bugjaną-gem-pro-verb-MO--w0UJ Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 32 26 43 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 22 16 61 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 16 13 71
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: kaupijaną, kaupōną, wihslōną
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*buggjan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *buggjan\nOld English: byċġan, biċġan\nMiddle English: byen, bien, biggen, buggen\nEnglish: buy\nScots: by\nYola: bidge\nOld Saxon: buggian, buggean\nOld High German: *buggen\n⇒ Old High German: bugidi\n⇒ Old High German: bugihaft",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *buggjan\nOld English: byċġan, biċġan\nMiddle English: byen, bien, biggen, buggen\nEnglish: buy\nScots: by\nYola: bidge\nOld Saxon: buggian, buggean\nOld High German: *buggen\n⇒ Old High German: bugidi\n⇒ Old High German: bugihaft"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "byggja",
            "t": "to marry; to rent out (land, a farm, etc.)"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: byggja (“to marry; to rent out (land, a farm, etc.)”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: byggja (“to marry; to rent out (land, a farm, etc.)”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "byggja"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: byggja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: byggja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "byggja"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: byggja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: byggja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "byggje",
            "t": "to rent out; to hire (servants, workers)"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: byggje (“to rent out; to hire (servants, workers)”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: byggje (“to rent out; to hire (servants, workers)”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "byggia",
            "t": "to rent"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: byggia (“to rent”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: byggia (“to rent”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌱𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌱𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bugjan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌱𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bugjan)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰewgʰ-",
        "t": "to bend; curve, arch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰewgʰ- (“to bend; curve, arch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πέλω",
        "t": "to turn, move"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πέλω (pélō, “to turn, move”)",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Orel derives the root from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewgʰ- (“to bend; curve, arch”), with semantic shift \"to bend\" > \"to take away, deliver\" > \"to deal, buy\" comparable to that seen in Ancient Greek πέλω (pélō, “to turn, move”) > πωλέω (pōléō, “to sell”). Kroonen is skeptical of the proposed semantics, and leaves the origin open.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk1-j",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1 j-present",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugidaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bug",
        "j": "j"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk1-j"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bugjaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to deal; do business; exchange"
      ],
      "id": "en-bugjaną-gem-pro-verb-cvieFacz",
      "links": [
        [
          "deal",
          "deal"
        ],
        [
          "business",
          "business"
        ],
        [
          "exchange",
          "exchange"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to purchase; buy"
      ],
      "id": "en-bugjaną-gem-pro-verb-hToqaSeH",
      "links": [
        [
          "purchase",
          "purchase"
        ],
        [
          "buy",
          "buy"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "32 26 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 16 61",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 13 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to accept"
      ],
      "id": "en-bugjaną-gem-pro-verb-MO--w0UJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "accept",
          "accept"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbuɣ.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "kaupijaną"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "kaupōną"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "wihslōną"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "bugjaną"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic class 1 weak j-present verbs",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*buggjan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *buggjan\nOld English: byċġan, biċġan\nMiddle English: byen, bien, biggen, buggen\nEnglish: buy\nScots: by\nYola: bidge\nOld Saxon: buggian, buggean\nOld High German: *buggen\n⇒ Old High German: bugidi\n⇒ Old High German: bugihaft",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *buggjan\nOld English: byċġan, biċġan\nMiddle English: byen, bien, biggen, buggen\nEnglish: buy\nScots: by\nYola: bidge\nOld Saxon: buggian, buggean\nOld High German: *buggen\n⇒ Old High German: bugidi\n⇒ Old High German: bugihaft"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "byggja",
            "t": "to marry; to rent out (land, a farm, etc.)"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: byggja (“to marry; to rent out (land, a farm, etc.)”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: byggja (“to marry; to rent out (land, a farm, etc.)”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "byggja"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: byggja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: byggja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "byggja"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: byggja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: byggja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "byggje",
            "t": "to rent out; to hire (servants, workers)"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: byggje (“to rent out; to hire (servants, workers)”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: byggje (“to rent out; to hire (servants, workers)”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "byggia",
            "t": "to rent"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: byggia (“to rent”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: byggia (“to rent”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌱𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌱𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bugjan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌱𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bugjan)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰewgʰ-",
        "t": "to bend; curve, arch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰewgʰ- (“to bend; curve, arch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "πέλω",
        "t": "to turn, move"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek πέλω (pélō, “to turn, move”)",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Orel derives the root from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewgʰ- (“to bend; curve, arch”), with semantic shift \"to bend\" > \"to take away, deliver\" > \"to deal, buy\" comparable to that seen in Ancient Greek πέλω (pélō, “to turn, move”) > πωλέω (pōléō, “to sell”). Kroonen is skeptical of the proposed semantics, and leaves the origin open.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk1-j",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1 j-present",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "buhtēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugjandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugidaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bug",
        "j": "j"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk1-j"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bugjaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "gem-pro:Business"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to deal; do business; exchange"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "deal",
          "deal"
        ],
        [
          "business",
          "business"
        ],
        [
          "exchange",
          "exchange"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to purchase; buy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "purchase",
          "purchase"
        ],
        [
          "buy",
          "buy"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to accept"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "accept",
          "accept"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbuɣ.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "kaupijaną"
    },
    {
      "word": "kaupōną"
    },
    {
      "word": "wihslōną"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "bugjaną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bugjaną meaning in All languages combined (10.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.